习近平在国际天文学联合会第28届大会开幕式上的致辞
携手探索浩瀚宇宙 共创人类美好未来
--在国际天文学联合会第28届大会开幕式上的致辞
中华人民共和国副主席 习近平
(2012年8月21日,北京)
尊敬的主席先生,女士们、先生们、朋友们:
今天,来自世界各地的2000多名天文学家欢聚北京,参加国际天文学联合会第28届大会开幕式。这是1935年加入国际天文学联合会以来,中国首次承办联合会大会。这次大会是国际天文学界的一件盛事。我谨代表胡锦涛主席和中国政府、中国人民,对本届大会的召开表示热烈的祝贺,向出席大会的各位来宾表示崇高的敬意和诚挚的欢迎!
天文学是人类认识宇宙的科学,是推动自然科学发展和高新技术发展、促进人类社会进步的最重要、最活跃的前沿学科之一,对其他门类的自然科学和技术进步有着巨大推动作用。浩瀚无垠的宇宙空间,让生活在地球上的人类充满好奇、为之神往;博大精深的天文科学,以其独特魅力吸引着世世代代有识之士为之孜孜钻研、不懈探寻。天文学作为一门研究天体和其他宇宙物质的位置、分布、运动、形态、结构、化学组成、物理性质及其起源和演化的学科,在人类认识世界、改造世界的活动中始终占有重要位置。我们看到,天文观测的每一次重大发现,都不断深化着人类对宇宙奥秘的认识;天文科学的每一项重大成就,都极大丰富了人类知识宝库;天文学与其他学科交叉融合实现的每一次重大突破,都对基础科学乃至人类文明进步带来现实的和长远的深刻影响。
中国作为世界文明古国之一,对于天文学的发展作出了重要贡献。我们的祖先很早就在日出而作、日落而息的劳作中,开始观察和探究宇宙的奥秘。早在 2300多年前,中国伟大的诗人屈原就发出了“遂古之初,谁传道之?上下未形,何由考之?”的著名“天问”。公元前十三世纪甚至更早,中华民族的先人就建立了天文台,中国至今仍保存着世界上历时最长、最完整的天象记录。90多年前,中国现代天文学开始起步,1922年中国天文学会成立,1928年中国第一个现代天文研究所诞生,1934年中国紫金山天文台建成。中华人民共和国成立以来、特别是改革开放以来,中国科学院建成了完整的现代化天文台站运行体系,继建成世界上光谱获取率最高的大视场光谱巡天望远镜之后,目前正在建设五百米口径射电望远镜,并在空间天文和南极天文等重要前沿研究领域取得重要进展。
天文学的发展,是全人类认识宇宙的智慧结晶。天文学的发展历程,给予我们不少宝贵而深刻的启示。
第一,科学技术发展是人类认识世界、改造世界的强大动力。科学技术是经济社会发展中最活跃、最具革命性的因素。人类文明每一次重大进步都与科学技术的革命性突破密切相关。现代科学技术的发展正日益深刻地改变着人类的生产方式、生活方式和生存方式,成为经济社会发展的主要驱动力。实现经济社会可持续发展和人的全面发展,最根本的是要依靠科技的持续进步和创新。
第二,科学技术发展需要不懈探索和长期积累。人类对宇宙奥秘的探求同对其他领域发展规律的探索一样,是永无止境的。科学技术作为人类认识世界、改造世界的智慧结晶,是科学家们不懈探索、长期积累的创造性成果。只有心无旁骛地潜心研究,永不停息探索脚步,在巨人的肩膀上持续不懈前进,才能不断攀登世界科学高峰,推动人类进步。
第三,科学技术发展需要持续重视和加强基础研究。天文学是一门观测科学,包括天文学在内的重要基础研究,要求我们尊重科研活动的内在规律和长远 价值,以战略眼光对此进行超前部署,加大投资力度和保障力度,为科学家们的前沿探求提供长期稳定的支持,使他们不断有所发现、有所发明、有所创造、有所前进,取得更多对人类有重大贡献的科学成果。
第四,科学技术发展需要打牢坚实的群众基础。科学技术是一项既造福社会又依赖社会的事业,科学技术发展需要广泛的公众理解和积极的社会参与。应该把科学普及放在与科技创新同等重要的位置,充分发挥教育在科学普及中的重要作用,在全社会、全人类进一步形成讲科学、爱科学、学科学、用科学的浓厚氛围和良好风尚,不断提高民众科学文化素质,不断激发人们创新创造的无穷动力和蓬勃活力。
第五,科学技术发展需要开展广泛务实的国际合作。科学无国界。广袤的宇宙空间,是人类的共同家园;不懈探索浩瀚宇宙,是人类的共同追求;蓬勃发展的天文科学,是人类的共同财富。当今时代,科学技术问题越来越具有全球性,除了天文学等基础研究领域的国际交流合作以外,解决人类共同面临的能源资源、生态环境、气候变化、自然灾害、粮食安全、人口健康等重大问题,也都需要开展多种形式的国际和地区科技交流合作,以共同推进人类科技创新、文明进步和可持续发展,造福于全人类。
当今世界是开放的世界,各国相互依存程度日益加深。改革开放30多年来,中国不但打开国门搞建设,也打开国门开展科技交流合作。特别是进入21世纪以来,世界自然科学界和工程科学界相继在中国召开了包括国际数学家大会、世界工程师大会等在内的一系列重要国际学术交流盛会。这极大开阔了中国科技界的国际视野,加深了国际科技界对中国的了解和认识,促进了中国和国际科技界的相互交流、借鉴与合作,也为中国科技界对世界科技发展作出贡献创造了有利条件。
我相信,国际天文学联合会第28届大会在中国的召开,必将对增进中国天文学家与各国天文学家的友谊、促进中国与国际天文学界的交流合作、推动中国天文学及相关学科发展产生积极影响;同时必将激励包括中国在内的世界各国充满好奇和求知欲望的年轻人,把他们关注的目光投向灿烂星空,激发他们投身天文观察和天文学研究的浓厚兴趣,投身当今世界科学技术的创新实践。
最后,我衷心祝愿本届大会取得圆满成功,衷心祝愿各国天文学家携手探索浩瀚宇宙、共创人类美好未来!
谢谢大家!
Exploring the vast universe hand in hand, Working together toward a better future for humankind
--Speech at the opening ceremony of the 28th IAU General Assembly
XI Jinping (Vice President, the People’s Republic of China)
(August 21th,2012,Beijing)
Dear honored chairman, ladies, gentlemen, and friends,
Today, more than 2000 astronomers from all over the world gather together in Beijing to attend the 28th General Assembly of the Inter- national Astronomical Union. This is a grand event for astronomy. It is the first time for China to host an IAU General Assembly since China joined the IAU in 1935. On behalf of President HU Jintao, the Chinese Government, and the Chinese people, I am here to express our warm congratulations to this General Assembly, and express our sincere gratitude and cordial welcome to all attendants.
Astronomy, as the science to explore the universe, is one of the most important and the most active scientific frontiers that has pushed forward natural sciences and technology, and led to the advances of modern society. It has tremendously important influences on the progress of other branches of natural science and the development of technology. The vast expanse of space always stirs the curiosity of human beings on the earth, fascinates them, and has attracted generations after generations to devote themselves to the exploration of the universe. As the science to study the position, distribution, motion, morphology, structure, chemical composition, physical properties, origin, and evolution of the celestial bodies and matters in the universe, astronomy occupies an important position in the humans’ activity of understanding and transforming the world. As we see, every major discovery in astronomy has deepened our understanding of the mysterious universe, every significant achievement in astronomy has enriched our knowledge repository, and every breakthrough in the cross- disciplinary research between astronomy and other sciences has exerted both immediate and far-reaching impacts on fundamental science and even human civilization.
As one of the ancient civilizations in the world, the ancient Chinese used to work after sunrise and rest after sunset, and started to gaze at the starry sky from very early on. At the end of the Warring States period more than 2300 years ago, the great romantic poet Qu Yuan in his "Inquiries of Heaven" queried “Whoever has conveyed to us, Stories of the remotest past? Who can verify the shapeless, Beginning time has overcast?’’ Our ancestors already built their astronomical observatories as early as 13th century BCE or even earlier, and we have kept the longest and most comprehensive records of astronomical phenomena in the world. Modern astronomy in China started 90 years ago, with the Chinese Astronomical Union being founded in 1922, the Chinese Astronomical Research Institute founded in 1928, and the Purple Mountain Observatory built in 1934. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since its reforming and opening up, Chinese Academy has established the systematic operating mechanism of modern astronomical observatories, after building the large sky area multi-object fiber spectroscopic survey telescope (LAMOST), now is constructing the five-hundred-meter spherical radio telescope (FAST), and is also making progress in space astronomy and Antarctic astronomy.
The advancement of astronomy is the result of the efforts of all humankind, and manifests the wisdom of humanity. The history of its development has offered us very valuable and profound enlightenment.
First, the development of science and technology is the driving force for humankind's exploration and transformation of the materialistic world. Science and technology are the most active, most revolutionary factor in eco-social development. Every grand advancement of human civilization is closely related to the revolutionary breakthrough in science and technology. The development of science and technology has profoundly changed the way people live and work, and science and technology are becoming the main driving forces for eco-social progress. To achieve sustainable eco-social development and wholesome development of human beings, it is critical to rely on scientific progress and technological innovation.
Secondly, the development of science and technology requires persistent exploration and long term accumulation. The exploration of the mysterious universe, just like the explorations of other science branches, should be endless. Science and technology, as the achievements of humankind in their exploration and transformation of the world, are the creative products of scientists only after their persistent exploration and long term accumulation. Only working in full devotion, exploring with never-ceasing steps, furthering continuously on the shoulders of giants, can one reach the pinnacles of science and drive the progress of humankind.
Thirdly, the development of science and technology requires to continuously emphasize and strengthen basic research. Astronomy as an observational science is a very crucial field of basic research. Such a field requires strategic plans for deployment in advance, with full respect to the internal logic of research activities and their long-term benefits. We will make larger and larger investments in such a field and ensure their execution, provide long-term and stable support to scientists, so that the scientists can discover, invent, create, and advance constantly, and make more and more achievements that will benefit humankind.
Fourthly, the development of science and technology requires broad and sound support from the public. Science and technology are a noble course that both benefit and rely on society, and the full development requires not only public understanding from all sides, but also the active participation of the public. Public outreach should be given equal emphasis as scientific research to educate the public, so as to create a positive atmosphere for the public to respect, love, learn and use science, and to inspire the creativity for science and techno- logical innovation among the public.
Fifthly, the development of science and technology requires extensive international cooperation. Science and technology have no nationality! The vast expense of space is the common home of all humankind; to explore this vast universe is the common goal of all humankind; astronomy in fast development is the shared fortune of all humankind. Nowadays the challenges for science and technology are more and more globalized, and all humankind are faced with the same problems in energy and resources, ecological environments, climate change, natural disasters, food security, public health, and so on. Both basic research such as astronomy and these common problems require scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation in various forms between different nations and districts, in order to push forward science and technological innovation, human civilization, sustainable development, and to benefit all humankind.
Today's world is an open world, and countries are depending on each other more and more heavily. In the past 30 years, China opened its gate not only for economic development, but also for exchanges and cooperation in science and technology. Especially since the advent of the 21st century, China has hosted a series of important international conferences in natural sciences and engineering disciplines, such as the international congress of mathematicians and the World's Engineers' Convention and so on. This has greatly broadened the international horizon of the Chinese science and technology community, deepened the world’s understanding of China, promoted mutual exchanges and cooperation between the Chinese and international science and technology communities, and created favorable conditions for the Chinese community to make their contributions to the world.
The convening of the 28th IAU GeneralAssembly in China, I believe, will certainly promote the friendship between Chinese astronomers and astronomers from other countries, promote the exchanges and cooperation between the Chinese and international astronomy communities, and promote the development of China's astronomy and other related sciences. This convention, I believe, will inspire curious youngsters from all over the world including China to cast their attention and desire to the vast universe, and motivate them to devote themselves to the observations and studies in astronomy, and to science and technological innovations.
Finally, I wish this General Assembly a great success, and wish astronomers from all countries to explore the vast universe hand in hand, and to work together toward a better future for humankind.
Thank you, all!
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