报告摘要：Nuclear and globular star clusters (NSC and GC) are spectacular self-gravitating stellar systems in our Galaxy and across the Universe - in many respects. They populate disks and spheroids of galaxies as well as almost every galactic center. In massive elliptical galaxies NSCs harbor supermassive black holes, which might influence the evolution of their host galaxies as a whole. The evolution of star clusters is not only governed by the aging of their stellar populations and simple Newtonian dynamics. For increasing particle number, unique gravitational effects of collisional many-body systems begin to dominate the early cluster evolution. Direct N-body simulations are the most computationally expensive but also the most astrophysically advanced method to simulated GC and NSC evolution, using massively parallel supercomputers with GPU acceleration. Algorithmic and astrophysical improvements of Nbody6++GPU in recent years are shown and selected current results. For example we find that intermediate mass black holes form in initially dense clusters, through mergers of massive stars, binary induced interactions with black holes, and several generations of relativistic black hole coalescences. GC models of the DRAGON and DRAGON-II simulations provide reasonable predictions e.g. on rates of coalescences observable with current gravitational wave instruments. While NSCs are of interest as sources of gravitational waves as well they also are sources of tidal disruption events, of which quite a number has been observed now in different electromagnetic wavelengths. Preliminary results for NSC will be shown, together with a novel and detailed treatment of tidal disruption events (depending on stellar parameters), tidal disruption of binaries, direct capture of low-mass stars by the central supermassive black hole, and tidal capture through classical tidal dissipation or relativistic dynamics (in case of compact objects).
主讲人简介：Rainer Spurzem has completed his Ph.D. at the University of Göttingen (Germany) in 1988 with a thesis on stellar systems around supermassive black holes. During the 90s he worked as a researcher and teaching assistant at the University of Kiel (Germany), bringing GRAPE special purpose computers for astrophysical N-body simulations to Europe. After postdocs and visiting fellowships in the UK, Japan and the US he moved to the University of Heidelberg, Germany in 1996, where he obtained an extracurricular professorship in 2003. In 2011 he received with his team the PRACE award of European Supercomputing Centers for their joint Chinese-European supercomputing project, and in 2015 an Alexander-von-Humboldt Polish Honorary Research Fellowship. Since 2009 he is leading the Silk Road Project as a visiting professor of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, and he is adjunct faculty member of KIAA since then. Since 2013 he is a special state foreign expert appointed by the government of China. His fields of interest are nuclear and globular star clusters, black holes and gravitational waves and high-performance supercomputing.
